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Giancarlo Gazzoni  (Universita degli Studi di Bologna)
Published in physic.philica.com Abstract
his article dealt with empirical statistics of beta decay and beta? . empirical and semi-classical formulas derived from simple observable macroscopic.
In this way, we can find and “isolate” sensitive variables to which the rate of decay of nuclei. and we can begin to understand how to intervene “to artificially change the natural rate of decay, and also to find ways to invalidate stable nuclei.
We can identify the basic mechanism that allows these types of decays, and we can understand why, time to decay to electron-capture or beta less are the same when the two decays occur simultaneously.
Moreover, we can draw interesting parallels with the alpha decay. Which has always been attributed as relevant only to the strong nuclear force. While this may have a decay mechanism similar to the basic weak decays.
We can begin to understand the mysterious mechanisms of the so-called Cold Fusion. And how weak mergers take place in environments with very low energy density.
We can see how the nuclei, exploiting energy “environmental concentration not high, are likely to have behaviour that seemed to be possible only at great energy, and that normally are studied in large accelerators with energy density very high. Article body
Giancarlo Gazzoni Via castigliane 50 48010 Cervia(RA) Italy 0039 340 2847014 Empirical analysis of EQUATIONS-of electroweak REACTION ON WEAK DECAY; electroweak MERGERS AND FISSION OF NUCLEI.
1 —- Abstract
This article dealt with empirical statistics of beta decay and beta? . empirical and semi-classical formulas derived from simple observable macroscopic.
In this way, we can find and "isolate" sensitive variables to which the rate of decay of nuclei. and we can begin to understand how to intervene "to artificially change the natural rate of decay, and also to find ways to invalidate stable nuclei.
We can identify the basic mechanism that allows these types of decays, and we can understand why, time to decay to electron-capture or beta less are the same when the two decays occur simultaneously.
Moreover, we can draw interesting parallels with the alpha decay. Which has always been attributed as relevant only to the strong nuclear force. While this may have a decay mechanism similar to the basic weak decays.
We can begin to understand the mysterious mechanisms of the so-called Cold Fusion. And how weak mergers take place in environments with very low energy density.
We can see how the nuclei, exploiting energy "environmental concentration not high, are likely to have behaviour that seemed to be possible only at great energy, and that normally are studied in large accelerators with energy density very high.
2 —— Introduction
The basis of decays, we assume a physical lighting and identification of areas with a radius defined by volume and equal or less than the radius of action of the weak force, equivalent to 10-18mt. (about 1 Tev wave amplitude)
The hypothesis that provides illuminating the area with electromagnetic energy density of high likelihood of producing pairs of virtual-W + W becomes very high, with the possibility that the pair of bosons can be disruption during the average free path of the two particles, and that individual bosons can react with the quarks, and then repay the debt of vacuum energy with a process of annihilation very special.
In their journey "disruption, the bosons interact with the nuclei of quarks, and change flavour and electric charge of quarks.
The production of pairs of virtual W, using lighting or determination of
space between electrons and quarks of the nucleus.
In terms of energy typical of electron capture natural, but also "synthetic", l 'amplitude wave of electrons compared with nuclei may reach approximately more than 85 Mev/100Mev, (go to almost touch the nucleus).
The electrons reach these energies by exchanging photons with the electromagnetic fields of the nucleus, and electrons take power temporarily with exchange of photons and is close to the nucleus, and re-surrender and away from the nucleus.
This process is changed, and leads to the decay of nuclei themselves for electron capture in nuclei with natural imbalance in the composition of internal energy ties of the nucleus itself. as in the case of relatively rich unstable nuclei of protons compared with neutrons.
Or, the electrons are raised in artificial conditions right energy, with energy input from external electric fields, in this case are the interactions with the outside world, electrons, quarks and involved the nucleus and is the electronic capture and decay nucleus "stable".
In electron-capture decay for the couples involved to create the vacuum W, and these are to produce the reactions necessary to create conditions for "electron capture.
A similar mechanism is involved in beta decay-on neutrons in nuclei too unstable neutron-rich compared to protons, in this case the space is lit by vibration of excess neutrons, which produces pairs of virtual W, and subsequent beta decay of neutron - isomerized.
So even the neutrons can sway than the core and identify the space of the fateful 10-18mt, in this case intervene artificially
external conditions become much more complicated.
Similar behaviour, although with time extremely long half-life, are the basis of individual protons decay.
All these cases have as their common denominator the identification of an area of 10-18mt, (amplitude wave of a Tev) and the formation of pairs W virtual vacuum.
We can think for lighting an area of 10-18mt, as the formation of rings of "light heavyweight" surrounding the nuclei, light heavy composed of pairs of virtual W bosons with energy of about 80GEv.
In summary:
1-treat beta+ decay and electron capture in the nuclei, with statistics also fission and fusion of electroweak nuclei consisting of a light or two particles, and nuclei consisting of many heavy particles.
2-treat beta- decay, where it is hypothesized that the neutrons forming the nucleus unstable, can swing around the heart, and can define and illuminate a space of 10^-18mt, with consequent production of couples virtual W and consequent interaction with final processing of protons into neutrons, and beta-decay.
3-treat the alpha decay, where small 2 protons and neutrons 2 can vibrate the core, always finding space forachains the production of pairs of virtual W.
4-treat beta- decay in individual neutrons, which have special conditions, where the down quark may differ among themselves and find a space that produces pairs of virtual W, and then decays in about 15 minutes in proton- + anti-neutrino.
The basic mechanisms of decays can identify the behaviours that are the basis of mergers induced weak, with transmutations "surprising" associated with low energy and assumed nuclear surprising effects, which could define the type inverse Meissner in the nucleus, and surprising effects of elimination of radiation range effects with type Mossbauer amended, allowing the release of cascades of photons to release excess energy,
instead of "normal emission of gamma photons of energy relaxation.
——- Held -
3 ——- Part statistical general decays into individual nuclei with high atomic number, (or at least more than two).
To demonstrate the formulas electron capture in a statistical semi-classical
start by identifying an equation of frequency of electron capture statistics related to a population of many nuclei
* equations are reported to the system of measurement CGS
Fc = N°el / nucleus No. nuclei/cm3 sez. shock / (KDP^+2)^+8 A Rfermi^+4/D^+4 C
The formula can be described in a more extended N° el N° nuclei Ro Fermi^+4 s Fc = ———————— ———————- —————————— ————————- A C 1 nucleo cm^+3 D^+4 (Kdp+2)^+8
Where
Fc = frequency of electron capture / sec
No. el = total number of electrons / 1 core
No. nuclei/cm3 = density or number of nuclei in a cm3
RoFermi = radius of a proton (1.2 10^-13cm)
D = average distance range electroweak force (10^-16 cm)
KDP = factor probability density = number of chances from 10^-5 10^+0 10^+5 to have the required distance between nuclei and electrons
s = section of electron-proton collision (10^-43 cm2)
A = atomic nucleus
C = light speed
From this formula we can derive an equation involving a single nucleus,
and we can come to define two equations, one that concerns only the prozio and deuterium, another all remaining elements
starting the equator that is the frequency of electronic capture of the generality of individual nuclei
10^-53 cm^3
FRC = N°el ———————— A (KDP^+2)^+8/second
10^-22 cm^3
In the case of H and D
10^-62 cm3
FRC = N°el ————————- A (KDP^+2)^+8/second
10^-22 cm3
Where
FRC = frequency electron-capture
No. el = number of electrons inside the radius of Bohr
A = atomic element
KDP = factor probability density between 10^+5 10^+0 and 10^-5
The equations are derived from
s TdW^+4 16 p+2 Rp^ +4 Frc = N°el ——————— ————————- ————————————— A° (Kdp^+2)^+8 cm/sec Vrb TRp^ +4 RazW^+4
Where
FRC = number of frequency electronic capture / sec
No. el = number of electrons inside the radius of Bohr
A ° = atomic element
Kdp = factor probability density between 10^-5 10^+0 and 10^+5
Vrb = volume of Bohr radius (calculated in 10^-22cm3)
TdW = W decay time (10^-26 sec)
TRP = speed C with the radius of a proton (10^-23sec)
Rp = radius of a proton (10^-13cm)
RazW = boson W range (10^-16 cm)
s = section of electron-proton collision calculated in 10^-43cm2s
p = constant 3.14….
We note how in these equations have many variables, but many consider that we can virtually constant, and
KDP is more variable.
KDP is the probability of meeting the lighting of a distance of 10-16cm, near the nucleus on a second.
The factor takes into account the possibility of strange W bosons and we consider the factor 10^+0 when the whirling electrons on average a 10^-16cm from the nucleus. The factor has increased exponentially and / or decrease exponentially in direct proportion to change much even relatively "small" distance lighting
of 10^-16cm.
The density factor is treated in cm / sec, which is not strictly a speed, but covers a distance found in a second., And takes account of the strange properties of W greatly increase the probability of interaction when it came to energy lighting by more than 1 Tev, where the car is W bosons spread until it found the target. Then exponentially increases the chances of catching and the section of impact, so the factor has Kdn elevation to the square and then the eighth power.
In the case of electron capture the probability of occurrence is extremely sensitive to variations, the order of fractions of 10-16cm of the normal scope of the electroweak force and decreasing or even slightly increasing the distance illuminated by 10^-16cm., it greatly increases the possibility of electron capture.
A distance of 10-18cm have a huge rate of catch, even with time lighting very short. Kdp factor that comes to 10^+32.
Calculation example of KDP -
Assume 'lighting with 10^-18cm range we have:
distance range / distance illuminated 10^-16cm/10^-18cm = 10^+2 squared and the eighth power
get a total of 10^+32.
if we hand 10-19cm, we are 10^+48 , if we go to 10^-15 cm, we are 10^-16, etc …
Electron capture in individual households with more than two internal components (at least more than 4)
Formula frequency of catch in individual households with at least four components
10^-53 cm3
FRC = N°el ———————— A (KDP^+2)^8/sec
10^-22 cm3
With A = number of atomic nucleus
The electron capture occurs normally in unstable nuclei, with a number of protons too high relative to the neutrons and we can assume that the electrons that normally orbit around the nucleus
can "meet, in orbit with relatively stable energy momentary around 80Mev around the nucleus and succeed, for sufficient time to illuminate a distance of at least 10^-16 cm from quarks.
According to these statistics this possibility might also "artificially from the outside on course stable nuclei.
In the case of stable nuclei, composed of at least 4 particles, electrons, reached an energy of 85 MeV and a little further, can determine distances of 10-16cm with the quarks of protons forming the nucleus
This. Distance or "lighting space always produce pairs of virtual W + W-, which is disruption. in terms of energy "right.
In stable nuclei, the excitement of quarks of protons isomerized reaches about 1115 MeV with type Meissner effect reverse that analyze extensively in later chapters, with exchange of many photons with energy binding total of nuclei and the electromagnetic fields induced by external electrons .
We processing for electronic capture of a proton in neutron, with the mediation of W particles produced by vacuum, annihilation of virtual particles produced does not produce gamma radiation or energy, because energy is absorbed due to the welding power vacuum resulting from the production of the couple W + W-, as well as products from its non-immediate annihilation of the couple W disruption, it annihilated a refund of debt and do not produce radiation outside.
We then engaged the absorption of energy from the vacuum in the production of virtual pairs of W, and also the debt energy produced by absorption of photons of the magnetic fields of the external environment is largely returned with an effect similar to a Mossbauer effect different.
Even couples neutrino muonic, and also pairs anti-neutrinos, with the effects of double beta decay, could be without issuing re-adsorbed "external, as if neutrinos are seems to be Majorana particles with mass.
The production of pairs of couples currently disruption of W bosons, produces an electron or positron, according to the types of beta decay, or electron positron that are captured by the nucleus, and their counterparts in free space outside, and in the case of positron, annihilation with an electron and the range stemming from re-adsorbed be empty, to bridge the energy debt.
In this case, we measure from a "loss of an electron, and the appearance of an electron inside the nucleus, resulting in electron capture.
If beta-, we would have a positron annihilation which is inside the nucleus with an electron, while the electron is associated "free outside.
The formula generally shows that, under normal conditions energy electrons with an average fall of Bohr, with stable nuclei, we would have a frequency of
10^-111/sec catch in cases of electronic nuclear complex
A lifetime of a nucleus of around 10+104 years, compatible with what we observe.
In the case of H and D, with section of impact 10^-52 cm2, we come to 10^+113 years, which is still higher and always compatible with what we observe 4 ————- Examples of capture and decay in synthetic nuclei of iron and carbon
The greater stability of atomic nuclei at high, makes possible a large quantity of catch "simultaneous with protons and neutrons of the nucleus" isomerized than exchanged with electronic vortices, up to transmute the nucleus in an item, with weight equal-mass, but a rapid decay, even with fission and / or merger who destroys the vortex electronic and ends, catch electronic equipment.
The interaction here is between a pair of W and virtual quark isomerized the nucleus, and change flavour and electric charge to a single quark, and turns it into particle sigma +. In the case of the proton, isomerized to more than 1190 MeV, in the case of neutron isomerized over 1192 MeV in sigma°.
The mechanism is explained further in later chapters,
The electrons whirl around the nuclei have a probabilistic behaviour with time spent near the nucleus in more unstable nuclei subjected to electron-capture and may also have this behaviour, if the clouds are synthetic and artificially produced by electromagnetic fields or sonic outside the nuclei .
The electrons can be induced, for a period of time commensurate with the decay of W bosons, (3 10-26 sec)
to join in and make vortices electron wave amplitudes with energy 85Mev around at a mean distance from the nucleus to illuminate 10-18mt of space that divided them from quarks
In these conditions, we produce pairs of virtual vacuum of W?
We can in some way, and result in inject behaviour vortex, chains of millions of electrons outside the nucleus, with appropriate electromagnetic fields or sonic.
Chains of many millions of electrons, combined to spin, whirl around in the nuclei are able to artificially illuminate the distance from the nucleus of 10-18mt.
Then we can have electronic capture in stable nuclei, with induced decay.
Golden Rule for electroweak strange transformations.
"Lamda° or sigma produced every decay on neutron if produced from the processing of a proton, and vice versa, every decay Lamda° or sigma produced in proton if produced by a neutron."
As we have particular notation
L°+ = lambda° particle derived from initial processing of a proton
L°- = lambda° particle derived from neutron
S°=iperone uds, mass 1192.5 MeV, half life 5 10^-20 seconds
S+ = iperone,uus. mass 1189 Mev, half life 0.8 10^-10 sec
S++ = iperone derivd from proton P + (W*) —-> S+L°+ L°+——> N + p+ N +(W*)——> S°—->L°-+g L°-——> P + p-
5 - Transmutation induced in nuclei of iron with synthetic electron vortices.
The mechanisms studied in the strange case of Fe56 are the same as the alpha decay, we treat in later chapters, which are also the basis of the mechanisms of fusion of deuterium, which always deal in later chapters.
In the case of Fe56 have 4 protons,and 4 neutrons , respectively, that can turn into a sigma° and sigma + degrees and then decay into neutrons and protons.
The quarks inside 4 protons and 4 neutrons, interact with the pairs of W produced by illumination of virtual spaces of 10^-16cm with the electrons in vortex. And start the reactions that lead protons to become N., and vice versa.
The core of Fe56, is isomerized, with Eightfold strange transformations, and becomes unstable nucleus strange.
We practice a double alpha decay, that instead of producing an emission of two alpha particles, produces the fission of the nucleus of iron in two nuclei of aluminium and two free neutrons.
The core Fe56,
under the influence of decays of sigma ° in about 10^-20 sec, and sigma +
fell fission
Stealing with an energy of about 43 MeV, or increase the mass of 0.0046 amu of the final components of the reaction
obtained at the expense of placing the system to produce chains of electrons.
with a kind of different Mossbauer effect.
Fe56 + 8(W*) ——> Fe*[48(4S++4S° )] Fe[48+(4S+—-> 4N) +(4°S°—-> 4 P )] —->2Al27 +2 N
The Fe 56 which 8 catches strange contemporary becomes highly unstable isotope of Fe56, with double-beta decay, with very short half-life, certainly less than 10-6 sec, and fell in two nuclei fission stable and emits Al27 two free neutrons.
We would have the type alpha reaction
S° ——> L°+ g L° ——-> P + π- S+———>L° L°——> N + π+ 4L°- ——> 4P + 4π- 4L°+ ——> 4N+ 4π+
The sample will cancel each other to return the gap power vacuum, and the range of sigma ° are absorbed by the nucleus, which relaxes fission in 2Al27 + 2 N.
and we have no external energy emissions, as explained more extensively in later chapters.
The reaction induced artificially, is very low in energy, we have no other significant release, and the energy balance is negative,
The reactions of beta-are dealt with in greater depth analytical shares higher. With the absorption of blank sample of first and the range of annihilation with Mossbauer effect we call different.
We also have the possibility of a reaction with one alpha processing, or processing with alpha sigma degrees and lambda°, which seems much less likely.
.
——————-
6 —- transformations and mergers electroweak induced in nuclei of Carbon.
In many experiments, we have reactions to carbon-based, "strangely "energy.
We could explain these results with an unexplained mechanism nuclei of Carbon fairly complex, but similar to the previous explained to the iron.
Nuclei of carbon, though surrounded by a whirlwind of electronic prompted many electrons in plasmon, converted double capture protons in 2 sigma+ and 2 sigma° neutrons in degrees.
With single alpha reaction, while the iron will assume a double
C12 +4(W*) ——> C*(4p+2S++2 S° +4 n)
The core product so strange, has a decay time long enough, at around 10-10 sec.
The time decay allows a merger most likely with a core of C12. C*(4p+2S++2 S° +4 n) = C*12halo C*12halo + C*12halo ——>Mg24* Mg24* ——> Mg24 + Sg (1.4 Mev )
with reactions
S° ———> L°+ g L° ————> P + π- S+————>L° L°———> N + π+
The pions± will cancel a debt repayment of emptiness, as the range of the two sigma, while emitted outwards with a sum of many photons, the energy resulting from the defect mass of the merger of 2 C12.
Mg24 mass 23,985 amu
2 C*12 = 24 amu, we have a lack of mass 0.0015 amu, in the nucleus of Mg24 product, about 1.4 MeV.
If the nucleus of coals not strange blends fell in C12 emissions without any particular energy.
the nuclei of Fe 56 hardly strange blend with other nuclear Fe * 56strange, on grounds of the Chamber of impact and less chance to meet one another, because of their inherent difficulties in achieving relatively high speed kinetics.
In addition, merging, producing an increase in mass, the reaction product, which does not release energy observable, but still the subtraction of energy vortices of plasmon.
Fe56 * +Fe56* —-> Te112*halo —-> Te112 The calculations show an increase of very large mass, if we produce tellurium
55.9349 x 2 = 111.8698 Te112 mass 111,917 -0.0472 in 44 MeV
Fe56 | 55.9349 | 30 | 91.72 | 0+ | Stable |
Te112 | 111.917 | 60 | Syn | 0+ | 2m | | Sb112 | | 4.350 |
Sb112 | 111.9124 | 61 | Syn | 3+ | 51.4s | | Sn112 | | 7.055 | Sn112 | 111.9048 | 62 | 0.97 | 0+ | Stable |
We can also have interesting reactions involving oxygen.
In some cases there is an isomerization of OH-, with electronic vortices around the nucleus of O16, radically detachment of H,
and processing with strange alpha decay of the core of O16
for the particular conditions of the experiments, we have a good chance that the strange halo nuclei O16 * for the special conditions of the experiments,
in times of 10^-10 sec, can come together and merge easily at low temperatures with the following reactions;
O16*halo + O16*halo —-> S32*halo —-> S32 + Sphoton (16.5 Mev)
S32 | 31.9721 | 16 | 95.02 | 0+ | Stable | O16 | 15.9949 | 8 | 99.762 | 0+ | Stable |
15.9949 + 15.9949=31.9898 31.9898-31.9721=0.0177 16.57Mev There are many reactions with other alpha weak mechanism.
One element that is a result of many reactions that are the silicon.
It may be derived from alpha reaction mechanisms weak, with mergers of elements halo excited.
In the case of solutions based on salt "Marine" NaCl
We have the possible merger of 2 nuclei isomerized ions Na and Cl, with rapid fission of the nucleus resulting in 2 nuclei of Silicon.
Cl*35 + Na*23—-> 2 Si29 + Sg(5.32 Mev) Cl*37 + Na*23—-> 2 Si 30 + Sg(7.58Mev)
We can also have other reactions in solution with you
Oxygen and carbon
O*16 + C*12 —-> Si28 + Sg16.848
Amu 12 + 15.9949=27.9949-27.9769=0.0018=16.848 Mev
Or we could have merged with aluminum halo neutral particle H2omega-o Dsigma,
Al*27 + Dsigma —->Si29 + Sg17.87 Mev
A*27 + 2Homega —-> Si29 + Sg19.281 Mev
Amu 26.9815 +2.0141 = 28.9956-28.9765 = 0.0191 = 17.87 MeV
Amu 26.9815 + 2.0156 = 28.9971-28.9765 = 0.0206 = 19.281Mev Al27 | 26.9815 | 14 | 100. | 5/2+ | Stable | H2 | 2.0141 | 1 | 0.015 | 1+ | Stable | H1 | 1.0078 | 0 | 99.985 | 1/2+ | Stable |
C12 | 12. | 6 | 98.9 | 0+ | Stable | O16 | 15.9949 | 8 | 99.762 | 0+ | Stable |
Cl35 | 34.9689 | 18 | 75.77 | 3/2+ | Stable | | Cl36 | 35.9683 | 19 | Syn | 2+ | 301000y | - | Ar36 | 98.1 | 0.709 | | 301000y | | S36 | 1.9 | 1.142 | Cl37 | 36.9659 | 20 | 24.23 | 3/2+ | Stable | |
Na23 | 22.9898 | 12 | 100. | 3/2+ | Stable |
Si28 | 27.9769 | 14 | 92.23 | 0+ | Stable | Si29 | 28.9765 | 15 | 4.67 | 1/2+ | Stable | Si30 | 29.9738 | 16 | 3.1 | 0+ | Stable |
7 - Frequency hydrogen proton decay in H
10-^62 cm3
FRC = N°el ———————- A (KDP^+2)^+8 / sec
10^-22 cm3
Covering them in a single hydrogen, the only difference is in the impact electron-proton, in the case of nuclear components to many is the impact of Section 10^-43cm2, and in the case of H and D in the Assumed 10^-52cm2
In the formula, we have extended virtually the only constant, with variable factor probability density, which varies from 10 0 to 10 5 in the eighth high and the number of electrons, including the possibility that "artificially injected electrons within the radius of Bohr.
The equation of H and D, provides a narrowing of the impact electron-proton , narrowing the range from 10^-43cm2 of nuclei within the complex 10^-52cm2 of the single proton or neutron proton +.
I believe that this is the lower section of impact that we can theorize, because we can not go below the 10-28mt without "destroying the particles involved.
Asymptotic freedom forces become strong enough to destroy any kind of particle.
The shrinkage of the impact implies an interesting physical phenomenon.
the nuclei of H and D, composed of a single proton, or a proton and a neutron in special circumstances "artificial"
are surrounded by vortices of electrons, millions gathered in electron spin chains, as vortex that surround the nuclei.
We have accordingly drastic electromagnetic fields produced by the vortex of electrons, who buy energy absorbing photons from electromagnetic fields present .
The chains of electrons interact strongly with electric charges of quarks, and force them to absorb energy, with a huge amount of photons exchanged.
The quark, as they absorb energy, are forced to "restrict" the wave amplitude, and the size of the nucleus, and therefore also the section of impact.
Furthermore, the electrons in turn are forced to follow the shrinkage, and to have always wave amplitudes children, and achieve ever greater energies.
nuclei consisting of many protons and neutrons, are much more electrically stable individual protons and electrons transmit less electromagnetic energy and are forced to remain in wave amplitudes with energies of about 80Mev.
In the nuclei of H, with single proton, the electrons fall into orbits, or wave amplitudes in the 10-13 cm, up to 10^-12cm, with energies close to the average 800Mev.
The electrons, only when they reach 800 MeV, can illuminate a distance between them and the nucleus of the quark, 10^-16cm, radius of action of W, and then to produce the W? virtual vacuum.
The same is true for electrons in the vortex core complex, but in this case, can illuminate a distance of 10-16 cm at a distance greater radius of 10-13cm, with energies of about 80Mev .
We can calculate the energy collected by the nucleus of H from the electromagnetic field of electrons tornado with the interaction of many photons,
in about 700 MeV, which brings the total energy components of the three quarks in the proton about 1600 MeV and over to reach and exceed the limit of 1672 MeV.
In summary we have an "effect" by increasing local magnetic field "internal nuclei, or protons to H.
We could, to simplify, indicate such an effect of shrinkage and increase in local internal components of nuclei subjected to drastic local electric fields of electron vortex, as a kind of Meissner effect reversed.
————- part by trying to put some theoretical bases-analytical understanding of statistics decay electroweak —- this is not the time for the statistics, which are directly observable by laboratories —-
The effect Meissner-Ochsenfeld (also known simply as Meissner effect) occurs when a superconductor is immersed in a magnetic field intensity below a certain critical value. The superconductor shows a Diamagnetism perfect, expelling the magnetic field from the inside, this happens through the generation of surface currents that lead inside the superconductor, a magnetic field equal and opposite to that implemented.
Fig1-representation of Meissner effect
In the case of individual nuclei of H, with around vortices of electrons and hence strong electromagnetic flows, we assume that within the nuclei, quarks suffer heavily external electric field, and increase the intensity of the magnetic field inside.
The quark, increasing energy of vortex, the effect of electromagnetic field, increase energy, up to energies similar to those of the strange quark.
Reached this point, the electrons are able to illuminate the space necessary for the production of W? ,
and we have a different mechanism than the electron capture nuclear complex.
in this case we have three pairs that are virtual decoupled, and interact simultaneously with the three quarks, 2 up and 1 down the proton,
and transformed into strange, with production of omega-, strange particle.
The sudden rise of internal magnetic field, it seems a sort of break phase, which allows a change of internal mixing, and the CKM matrix
This allows a different calculation of probability, with the channel "strange much more likely than the channel" normal, a kind of reversal between cosine and the effect of Cabibbo,
Which allows the formation of strange particles.
Fig2 .. usage example the angle of interaction in Cabibbo
If the Cabibbo angle is about 13.1 °,
we
and if we have the transition phase "internal" energy of magnetic flux, the angle could tip over and become much more likely event processing in a strange quark.
———————————————————
In this mechanism, the virtual W interact with all three quarks, the proton H components, and transform the two up and down in three strange
We get the creation of a particle omega - Ω-con mass of 1672 MeV, Office -1, half life of 0.8 10-10sec, which fell into three possible branching Ratio .
The single proton exploits the total energy of electrons in tornado, hurricane or electronic, reaching high energies in excess of that medium own, such as hurricanes using thermal kinetic energy of a whole area for it in a smaller area , And thus increase the overall energy of air molecules that form the destructive vortex of hurricane. Likewise, the electrons gathered collect energy from photons absorbed by the magnetic fields in the area, then exchange energy photons passing of the quark core question, which increases the internal energy.
We should see a significant increase of the emission of neutrinos. Compared to the training complex in the nuclei of lambda degrees.
The omega-produced, has negatively charged -1 , has a huge section of an impact than other ordinary protons, and usually manages to merge with one of them. before decay, so the particle form a particle produced strange two-component cartridge neutral, in turn, with the very great shock, which easily melts in turn, or lapse in time around the 10^-9sec.
H+3(W+ *)+ e- ——> omega- Ω-
Where W ? *= couples virtual W bosons produced the excitement of the vacuum and temporarily disruption
Omega-merges with ease and with huge section of a collision with H
Ω-+ H ——> 2Hns*
* 2Hns is strange neutral particle.
This plot could merge with or more nuclei, isolated or fall rapidly in times of about 10-9 sec ..
in several possible branching ratio, and is
2Hns*——>D + anti-neutrino + 1.397ev + refund energy taken by the electromagnetic field (as well 700Mev about)
The power socket is returned with a cascade of photons, and the energy of 1.397 MeV resulting from the lack of mass
we see it returned in a cascade of photons.
In this case only the energy resulting from the defect mass of deuterium to help create a positive energy balance.
We can then write the two neutrino muonic and range are re-adsorbed the gap created by the debt of the vacuum.
H+Ω-*——> D + e- +ne¯ + Σy(1.397 mev)
in the decay of omega-in around 10-6 in sec this process we
-Ω- .—> X° + p - X° ——-> L° + g L° —-> N + p° π- ——> μ- + nm¯ μ- ——> e- + ne¯ + nm Ω-——-> N + e- + ne¯
the two neutrino muonici, the sample and the range are re-adsorbed the gap created by the debt of the vacuum effect with different Mossbauer
The Mossbauer effect without recoil in overseeing consists of gamma rays from a nucleus, and the consequent absorption of these by
another nucleus.
° pin our case, we have the gamma-ray annihilation of the re-adsorbed vacuum with no recoil
Fig 3. Mossbauer effect diagram
The range of relaxation of nuclei due to excessive energy merger, are divided into cascades of photon energy, due to different times of mergers taking place in the order of 10^-10 sec in the case of electroweak, in times of 10-23 sec in mergers "strong normal. Indeed we call a kind of Mossabauer different.
As well as the energy of recoil
We also have the possibility of several other decays of omega-less likely with many of the previous event, originally produced by neutrons
Ω-——> X-+ p °
X- ——> L° + p¯ L°——> p + p¯ π- ——> μ- +nm¯ μ- ——> e- + ne¯ + nm Ω-——-> p + 2e- + ? 2ne¯ Final reaction 2Hns* ——> D + e- + ne¯ + Σy (1.397 Mev)
this reaction in the sum of photons that is returned to electronic vortices is not included because the budget is exactly what the refund of the above.
Furthermore, electron issued, should have very low energy, always on the effects Mossbauer reversed, and then thermal energies similar to those of other electronic medium, without emission of radiation x.
We could have a proton decay in 2. With a much lower branching In which case we would not have energy resulting from the defect mass of deuterium format.
Very unlikely other branching ratio
could also have the rations of merger
2Hns*+2Hns* ——>4Hens* * 2Hns*+D ——> 4He*
Reactions to investigate further and which decays by emission of photons sum equal to about 23 MeV.
The most notable is the return of energy with photons, which is not as in the classic case of the merger "with strong emission of single photons range, which is the most likely form of relaxation of the nucleus.
In the case of these weak interactions, mergers or weak, we waterfalls emission of photons, with broad spectrum.
It seems that the particles "remember that were energized at the beginning, from many photons produced by electrons in the vortex, and then return the energy initially taken in the same way with time decay much wider than normal reaction times" strong " We average time of 10^-10sec in the "weak against the 10-23sec average" strong.,
The electrons in whorls able to intercept, absorb and then replace with frequency in a broad spectrum .. photons emitted from the nucleus.
The behaviour of neutral particles strange is very complex.
In the case of cells with H and tungsten,
* 2Hns particles could merge with nuclei of W and then decaying in less than 10^-6 sec, transmute the core and give him energy, which in free photons,
that destroy the crystal lattice, and together with other nuclei normal W them do "evaporate in the solution.
At this point, we could always to the special conditions of vortices of electrons, have a nucleus of W, which merges with many strange neutral particles, and transmutations have upwards in the periodic table, probably until mercury, but also a more interesting phenomenon ..
W evaporated nuclei may be surrounded by swirling clouds of electrons, and undergo a series of electronic catches, which lead in the bottom of the table the item until the formation of a so unstable isotope, which fell in less than microsecond time, and could do it with fission …
in this case, we would have a further release of energy and we could have a number of elements with atomic weight much lower than that of W.
The non formation of neutron of hidrogen or deuterium, but formation of strange particles or iperoni omega-low energies, with times of decay around 10-10sec, aware of why so far not been recognized (or even try) and also realizes the huge and complex number of transmutations detected.
Moreover, the mechanism of absorption energy of emptiness, with the bank vacuum that requires expensive covering debt relief, and extension of the temporal stages of merger weak, with the release of many photons, of shortfall aware of the range.
8 ——- Catch smelting and in D
10^-62 cm3
FRC = N°el ———————- A (KDP^+2)^+8 / sec
10^-22 cm3
The case of deuterium is very complex,
We clouds of electrons at the same time energized proton and the neutron constituents D, which can create a ring of light weak heavy 10^-16cm, which in turn simultaneously strange sigma iperoni the two particles, which have a tremendous chance to merge with a core of D "normal.
Branching main decay, if the particle is not strange sigma melts in times of 10-9sec with other particles,
N + (W+ *) ——>- S ° P + (W+ *) ——> Σ+ S° + Σ+ ——> D e*
if not strange particle melts in times of 10-9sec fell in
D e* ——> D + Sg
in particular
S° ——-> L°+ g L° ———-> P + π- Σ+ ——-> N + π+
The two samples ? and gamma photon cancel a debt repayment of emptiness, in times of 10-9sec
and re-have D .
What is interesting is the behaviour of the photon range that is normally issued in the sigma° decay, and life decay of itself, which by 10^-20 sec, increased to 10^-10 sec, as a result of the link with ' other sigma.
In this case, the gamma photon is not absorbed from emitted so empty, if not absorbed by the vacuum, is issued in the form of a summation of individual photons with energies much lower.
L behaviour of sigma ° seems to be attributable to a form of decay Dalitz, who would become the main branching, with interesting implications in the interaction of electrons and positrons so trained with the quark.
We * e could have the fusion reaction between two De* D e*+ D e*——> 4 He**
the particles thus obtained, or merges with other fell in 10^-6 sec
4 He** ——-> 4He + Sg (23 Mev)
With specific reactions
2S°+2 Σ+ —> 4He 2S° ———> 2L°+ 2g 2L° ————> 2P + 2 π- 2 Σ+ ———> 2N +2 π+
This branching is very simple and produces no emissions except a cascade of photons, which + which cancel each other to return the debt prevent the recoil of He4 with .vacuum
But we also have other possibilities, probably more D e*+ D ——> 4 He* 4 He* ——-> 4He + Sg (24 Mev) or S° ———> L°+ g L° ————> P + π- Σ+ ———> N + π+
Again we see the formation of He4 with waterfalls emission of photons, type Mossbauer reverse effect.
Or even a different branching ratio
D + (W*) ——> W- + X°——> 2Ds*n-
In particular the P particle original D becomesW- while the neutron becomes X°
The plot has formed so strange high probability of merging with D
2Ds*n- + D ——> 4He s*n 4Hes*n neutral particle strange —
this plot has many opportunities to merge with other nuclei,
if times lower than 10^-9 sec not based
fell with branching main 4He*sn ——> 4He + 2 e- + 2ne¯ +Σy(23 mev)
The branching in this case could be
W- ——> X° + π- X° ——> L° + p ° L° ———> N + p ° o X° ——>L° + p ° L° ——-> p + π- π- ——> m¯ + nm¯ m¯ ——> e- + nm + ne¯
In practice founded so weak particles to form 4HE D, with the simultaneous processing of proton and neutron of deuterium in two strange particles, which then fell respectively in proton and neutron, with the formation of a core of He4
cancel a debt repayment of emptiness, p°the as the 2 pairs of neutrinos muonici.
In this case, the final reaction of decay could be 4He*sn ——> 4He + 2e- + 2ne¯ + Σy(23 mev
the emission of X-rays by the electrons is not the case, there 'surplus of energy that is not issued with many photons in broad spectra of energy.
THE TWO ELECTRONIC issued with LOW ENERGY, could be confused with the electrons PRESENT, AND TWO NEUTRINO difficult to detect.
With branching could fall well below even in 4H, with decay in T + N
Also we could have even less likely mergers
4He*sn + D ——à 6He decaying then normally.
4He*sn + 4He ——-à 8 He or 8Li or 8 Be with the various possible
We have the possibility of a huge and complex amounts of transmutations
In the case of presence of D major, the formation of particles 4HE * ns would lead to further complexity in transmutations, an increase of the energy released and is in the case of only H. 9 ——- double beta decay without neutrino
In typical processes strange, we could also observe the emission of neutrinos, if they were strange double decays, could also be similar to processes known as double beta decay 2 neutrinos, neutrinos as 2 (or antineutrini) are issued. If the neutrino is a particle of Majorana you can observe a beta decay without neutrinos. In double beta decay without the neutrino neutrinos emitted is absorbed immediately by another nucleons of the core, then the total kinetic energy of the two electrons is exactly the binding energy difference between the core start and end. Many experiments have suggested the search for beta decay without neutrinos. Its discovery indicates that the neutrino is a particle Majorana and allow the calculation of the mass of the neutrino,
in these cases, including emission of electrons should have an energy similar to the average of Auger electrons.
So we have a budget where energy electrons emitted energy re-emited with cascades of photons with spectrum similar to that of photons "incorporated to build the increase in mass, with typical frequencies produced by electromagnetic fields sonic-induced.
For more refined calculations in cases of synthetic vortices induced, we can look at electronic whirl plasmon with typical energy of a plasmon
Where ne= number charged electrons
me0 = Permittivity of the half, which for the solution in question, around 10^-12,
with about 10 billion electron plasmon, we should be mistaken for typical energy plasmon in about 10 ev, and we have many plasmon, about 10 billion for a single reaction
The plasmon induce multiple electronic catches, and in cases "normal natural studied, the electron capture is usually single, double types of decay are hidden by these kinds of decay more likely (the single electron capture), but when these ways are prohibited, then the double electron capture becomes dominant. There are 35 natural isotopes subject to double electron capture. But there is no direct confirmation of this process. The first reason is that the double electron capture is extremely unlikely in cases of natural, (the theoretical models provide a half-life (half) of more than 10^+20 years. The second reason is that the only detectable particles from this process are rays X and Auger electrons in a range of energy (~ 1-10 keV), subject to much background noise. For these reasons, the experimental evidence of double electron capture is much more difficult of evidence of double beta decay.
The typical electrons emitted in the case summary is below 100ev / 4, and hardly detectable by the background noise of sonic fields induced by radio to 20Khrz, as in the case of experiment.
In the nuclei naturally unstable and subject to electron-capture electrons interacting with the surplus of positively charged nucleus, and in their "normal" conditions, are able to buy energy electromagnetic fields exchanged with the nucleus, and reach "of course distance lighting, for the production of virtual W, and we have the mechanism of production of lambda degrees.
Usually "we have a single electron-capture that once, remove the vortices of electrons, which include a vortex in space" illuminating if the nucleus remains in unstable.
The iron 56 for its great stability, and binding energy, can "resist" more, but the time for greater resistance, implies a greater propensity to capture and process synthetic decay "with multiple symmetrical fission of the nucleus and the final release of free neutrons.
10- FREQUENCY decay BETA- b-
Equation on the probability of beta decay on a single core to many components
N°ndc 10^-22 cm+2 Fb- = —————— ———————————- (Kdp^+2)^+8 cm/sec N°ne 10^-39 cm+3
Where
F = frequency beta-decay- b
N° ne = number of neutrons of the nucleus
NDC= number neutrons = number higher than the level of stability on the core
KDP = factor probability density between 10^+3 10^+0 and 10^-3
The equation is complete N°ndc s TdW^+4 16 p+2 rp^ +4 Fb- = —————— ——————- ———————— ————————————- (Kdp^+2)^+8 cm/sec N°ne Vrb TRp^ +4 RazW^+4
Where
F = number of frequency decay b beta-/sec-
N°ndc = number of neutrons in the nucleus considered
N°ne = number neutrons will exceed the level of stable core
Kdp = factor probability density between 10^-3 10^+0 10^+3 high reported in the eighth to a length of 1cm/secondo length of the relationship between average radius of the nucleus and scope electroweak force
Vrb = volume proton beam at Fermi (calculated in 10^-38cm 3)
TdW = W decay time (10^-26 sec)
TRp = time scrolling radius of a proton (10^-23sec)
Rp = radius of a proton (10^-13cm)
RazW = W range (10^-16 cm)
s = section collapsing neutron calculated in 10^-26cm2s
p=constant 3.14….
We note as in the case of beta decay, we have a variable factor probability density lighting vacuum, much less the case of large electron capture.
This is mainly due to the fact that neutrons are more related to the core and to form pairs W virtual must define a space just relieving the normal range of core, without freedom of electrons.
KDP is then calculated as the ratio between operating range of low power (10^-16cm), and distance really enlightened, with the average ratio of 10^+3 and the factor of 10^+0 average distance of about 10-16cm and multiplied by the length of a reference cm and a second
In the case of lighting fatal 10^-16cm long enough for more than 10^-26 sec from the neutron core, the neutron picks up and reaches di1192 MeV energy, the production of pairs of W produces a change of office and taste in neutron "enlightening and down in a strange quark, , charging 0, S° ,with transmutation of a neutron in sigma neutral
that individual lapses in times of 10^-20sec, combined with other particles increases life expectancy, about 10^-10 sec.
N + W* ——> S° S° ——> L° + g L° ——> p + π- π- ——> μ- + nm¯ μ- ——> e- + ne¯ + nm
the photon produced by the decay of sigma°, is absorbed by the vacuum, to offset the debt product, as the m neutrino and antineutrino m, and remains the only proton, the antineutrino electronic and electron.
N —-> P + e-+ ne¯
In other cases, the neutron could even turn into omega-, and issuing a Kaon-, with different branching could acquire energy for detaching from the nucleus, with emission of neutrons.
Same for decay of protons for emission free.
We can imagine that the asymmetry of photon product, instead of sample °, is due to Dalitz decay of a sample °, with re-absorption of e-e + and produced by vacuum, all together 'and produced by virtual W interact with the down quark.
The energy of excitement that brings the quark neutron illuminating addition to about 1192 MeV is always returned to domestic cascade of photons with the nucleus, and remains just outside the spread of radiation of beta-canonical
Fig4-Feynmann diagram of a typical interaction of beta-decay
N —-> P + e- + ne¯ beta decay
A small swing from the nucleus is enough for Neutron to define the space of the fateful 10^-18mt, and just get a little distance below, to have a huge increase in the probability factor interaction W produced.
As a corollary, we have that action on artificial beta-decays are much more difficult than the electron capture.
But we always try to find methods of external stress which may cause the neutrons to sway than the nucleus that contains them.
We can see that in the case of formation of sigma neutral, the neutron concerned acquires power through the exchange of photons, with the remaining core that temporarily decreases the binding energies and internal.
While in the case of catches electronic energy is taken from the outer vortex e, if beta-energy is taken from the nucleus itself.
The single photon absorption of the product, indicates a kind of decay Dalitz, with a return of branching and annihilation of electrons and positrons virtual products other than electron-capture
At the end of the process of beta decay, the energy that had isomerized the neutron involved, returns with internal exchange of photons, the nucleus, except the part that concerns the lack of mass, which is fed to the outside, with how beta-decay.
For this reason, external conditions, such as ionization, have much less impact in the way of beta-decay, compared to capture electronic .
11-Neutron decay individual
The neutron free fall in times of about 15 minutes,
N —-> Protone + e- + ne¯
The mechanism of decay could be almost similar to the previous year, in this particular case three quarks to get a hit between them, to define an area of 10-16 cm, and pairs of virtual W thus produced, leading to decay in the neutron with proton mechanism similar to that of the electron capture.
The difference relates principally Section shock quark-quark, which we take as 10-52cm2
10^-52 cm+2 Fb- = 1N ——————————- (Kdp^+2)^+8 cm/sec 10^-39 cm+3
With
KDP = 2.5 we have a frequency of about 10^-3/sec decay, which corresponds to the comments.
Reaction quark turns into strange N + W* ——> S° S° ——> L° + g L° ——>- p + π- π- ——> μ- + nm¯ μ- ——> e- + ne¯ + nm or N + W* ——> L° L° ——> p + π- π- ——> μ- + nm¯ μ- ——> e- + ne¯ + nm N + W* ——> p + e- + ne¯
A similar mechanism lighting could include the proton, which could fall in positron + neutral pion., Although certainly times higher than the 15 minutes, we are certainly above 10^+33 years
Fig5-example of proton decay in e + and photons
In the case of the proton, KDP could take values very large, up to 10^-7 10^-104 complessive,, taking the time to decay to about 10^+112 years,
compatible with the above in case of capture electronic ..
intervene or artificially from the outside to change this kind of rate of frequency, it becomes very difficult, almost impossible.
11—— ALFA DECay a
the alpha decay, which belongs to the field of high strength, and therefore should not have correlation with the weak decays, it might be interesting explanation, and fully covered in the manner envisaged in the other decays "weak.
Formula a overall frequency decay 10^-52 cm+2 Fa = N°a ——————————- (Kdp^+2)^+8 cm/sec 10^-39 cm+3
Where
Na= alpha number, are designed unstable alpha particles present in the nucleus
KDP = factor probability density lighting, as in previous chapters formulas
In unstable nuclei, chains of 2 protons and 2 neutrons , present inside the nucleus unstable, might vibrate and detaching from the rest of the nucleus, and could illuminate the fateful distance of 10^-16cm, or less, and produce pairs of virtual vacuum W .
The couples interact with the 4 particles, and change status and taste, the alpha-transmutation in Strange, then promptly fell into new alpha isomerized,
duly excited that are emitted from the nucleus.
With this mechanism, strange, the alpha absorb and re-emit large amounts of energy drawn from energy binding, and the two protons and two neutrons, resulting in alpha can turn the excess energy produced by their merger) sufficient in energy to become detached from the nucleus, and alpha radiation to normal ..
The two neutrons should get a hit until 1192 MeV of energy, and at this point you find the space of 10-16cm and transformation in sigma degrees.
The two protons reach energies of 1190 MeV and transmutation in sigma + .
The sigma °, while a time of decay of 6. 10^-20 sec, for the special conditions of bond already happened with the sigma +, may change the time of decay, and the output range is absorbed by the binding energy of the nucleus, and provide a greater detachment from the core of the particle sigma strange, the sigma + transmuted themselves into lambda°, according to the golden rule of strange transmutation of lambda ° and formed the nucleus of a merger with Alpha He4 weak. with a strong release of energy due to the lack of mass close to 23 MEV .
The strange particles sigma°+ lambda°, transmutation. He4 blend in and posting from the nucleus, according to the following reactions
N + W* ——-> S° P + W* ——->S+ 2 S° + 2 S+——> 4Ne**(particle sigma strange still in nucleo ) 4Ne**= 2L°- +2 L°+
with
S°——>L°-+
the two are absorbed range from energy to link the nucleus, and are not measured outside the nucleus.
2 L°+ 2S+——-> He4 +23 Mev
The energy of 23 MeV is absorbed by the nucleus, which relaxes the emitting alpha particle He4.
formulas reaction
S° ———> L°+ g
L° ————> P + π- S+————>L° L°———> N + π+
The two pion? will cancel a debt repayment of emptiness, along with gamma photon, the 4 sigma (sigma strange particles still in the nucleus) decaying into protons and neutrons melt and form a nucleus of He4, energy surplus due to lack of mass picks up the nucleus, which relaxes and emits alpha, in times
of 10^-9sec,
The emitted photon is taken to return the debt load, the energy produced by the fusion of the particles around at least about 23 MeV, returns to the nucleus, and alfa is issued without issuing other radiation.
We might also branching ratio, much less likely
N + W* ———> S° S° ———> L° + g L°——> p + π- π- —-> μ- + nm¯ μ- —-> e- + ne¯ + nm
While
P + W* —-> L° L° ———> N + p° P + W* ———> N +p° N + W* ———> P + e- + ne¯
Reaction-final
2P +2N+4W*———> He4 + 2e- + 2ne¯ +S g 23Mev()
The pions° from re-adsorbed are empty, and do not change the final products, energy vacuum up the focus and energy neutrinos MUONICI between core and alpha, invalidates the core emitting alpha and readjustments on domestic energy levels more stable.
The ratio less likely, the issuance of 2 and 2 electron neutrino could not be found, for the very low energy that distinguishes them.
In any case, the electrons emitted. Low energy, should not be seen easily, like electrons too common, with no energy to spend, and also difficult to do with fusion energy absorbed by the nucleus.
We could also explain the fission of nuclei, with mechanisms for identifying lighting indoor spaces in the nuclei, including complex chains of neutrons and electrons, and always have production and relaxation of iperoni strange, with variables already outlined.
12——-Part statistical decays weak and weak could fusion mergers based on density.
For a better statistical treatment, with a crossing of data very interesting, we take into consideration statistics based on different parameters compared to the statistics that we've covered so far.
The statistics of decay with an alternative route than the one previously taken into account are much simpler, based on nuclear density, given just the mass of particles on the volume of reactions considered.
The basic mechanism of decays taken into account, the lighting is always an area of 10-18mt, creating virtual pairs of W, which can react with the nuclei of quarks, and change flavour and electric charge the same . but in this case is not directly taken into account and treated as "implicit".
general formula for frequencies for trapping decays based on electronic density
Frc = n°el (de/dp)^+8 C/mt where Frc= frequency decays N°el = number electrons inside the radius of Bohr de = density electronic dp = proton density C/mt = constant frequency calculated by C = speed light meters on the MKS
The formula is derived from 'equation of Thomas-Fermi,
a = h 2 / me+2
to which is added a further simplification.
For an example of calculation.
Take as an example an electron to the Bohr radius, the electronic density is calculated considering mass resting on the volume of electronics circumscribed.
rest mass electron = 9.11 10^-31kg
volume of Bohr radius (5 10^-11mt) = 10^-32mt+3
density ratio = 9.11 10^-31/10^-32 = 10^-1 Kg/mt3
the electronic density at the Fermi radius of about 10^+ 17 Kg/mt3
a proton, has density
proton mass resting = 1.67 10^-27 Kg
volume proton = 10^-45mt3
proton density ratio to the radius of Fermi = 10^+ 18 Kg/mt3
we can have (with a strong approximation)
Report density electron / proton density = 9.11 10^-31/10^-32 = 10^-1 Kg/mt3
Dp / De radius of the Fermi = 10^ -1
Get the formula, with an electron beam to detention, a rate of 3 decays on the second.
Even slightly varying reports of density, we have the full range of frequencies decays to electron capture., Ranging from about 10^+ 3 / sec up to 10^-20 / sec.
A precise calculation of electronic and proton density leads us to be a maximum decay rate of about 1000/sec, which is what we observe in case of capture electronic normal
if de / dp has 10^-0.85 ratio, we arrive at a ratio of 10^-7.15, multiplied by frequency basis, we arrive at 10^ +0.85, which multiplied 3 and a number of electrons over the dozen, gives us a frequency of more than three hundred / sec, which includes decays to capture electronic faster that we observe experimentally.
We note that, if we consider an electron to the Bohr radius, the frequency decays is in the order of 10^-120 sec, which is the same that we obtain from previous statistics based on other parameters.
A remarkable confirmation.
The same could be decays with nuclear complex stable electron capture us at frequencies of 10-112sec, in line with with the previous results.
- Formula decay BETA- b
Fb- = N° (DN/DP)+8 C/mt
Where
Fb = frequency- b beta-decay
N° = number unstable neutron
DN = neutron density
DP = density core
C / mt = constant frequency -speed light/mt
In the case of beta-, we can assume an "excitement of neutron unstable, with a decrease in density with lifting from the surface of the nucleus.
Change of density that leads to decay by the time the equator
In the case of single neutron decay, with attendance of about 10^-3/sec,
we can think of a mechanism inside of a narrowing down quarks and an up quark, while the remainder is down to size "normal,
with a narrowing inside a radius of about 10^-16 meters.
So we have no relationship of density inside the neutron, 10^-1.25,
enough to be considered frequency.
In the case of proton decay, we have some interesting considerations .
the same mechanism that we have applied neutron, leads us to consideration of a different behaviour final.
If we shrinkage of up and down quarks inside toward the 10^-17mt, (we are considering a proton ion without the stabilizing value of electronics)
and we should have a swelling volume of external down, to 10^-13 meters, with density ratio of about 10-16, and in this case could be frequency lighting of the area of 10^-18 meters to develop pairs W virtual. In about (10^-16)^+8
and frequency decay final 10^-120 sec.
We have the same frequency decay with the statistical density and the electron-capture considery the proton is ionized, is "normal,
with the corresponding beta?.
Certainly, it will not be easy to find experimentally with a decay rate of 1 in 10^+113 years,
a half-life significant, but still within the parameters considered by the various theories.
These matches seem to confirm the validity of the statistics and basic phenomenon with the formation of virtual W?.
With this simple formula, we can find statistics decay very simple.
This simple formula, the defect has not tell us nothing of the mechanism for creating virtual W, which are responsible for the decays, unlike much more complex formulas that we have identified to achieve the same statistics decay.
By integrating data that are present in formulas, we could identify specific behaviours general decay of nuclei.
In cases of natural decay known by observational trial, with a program for calculating appropriate, we may find the actual values of density, distances and other parameters in the two statistics, and build a nucleus of very precise.
In the case of beryllium
Be7 | 7.0169 | 3 | Syn | 3/2- | 53.12d | | Li7 | | 0.862 |
We can calculate
(10^+16)^+.2 Frc = 4 ( ——————————- )^+8 3 10^+8 mt/sec mt (10^+18)^+2
We can calculate a rate of about 10^-6/sec,
so crude, which could be within the normal frequency of natural decay of Be7.
Of course, we could find the exact value of decay, 53.12 days, with a more exact ratio of density.
We consider that very small changes are enough to haul electronics and proton,
with a small variations in radiation volume of the nucleus and electronics, or a neutron isomerized in the case of beta-, with a very small change in the relative density, to have all the data corresponding to those actually found for a trial.,
The cross of the two statistics, will lead to a very precise model of the nucleus and the protons and neutrons,
and could lead to far more simplified models of proton and neutron, with a greater understanding of the relationship between electroweak force and nuclear strength.
13-Ratings-General
We have demonstrated how, with the same basic mechanism of lighting spaces with light heavy
, Or bundles of W bosons, we can explain decays that are considered "different mediated by nuclear forces weak or strong.
The interesting thing, one of the biggest differences between the mechanisms of nuclear decay weak and strong, is the different response energy of the particles involved in the phenomena.
If the particles are forced to merge with high-energy, as in the fusion of D + D strong "canonical, the particles are forced to release the energy of excitement than in the time allowed by the merger itself, in the order of 10-23 sec, and then release all in a single high-energy gamma,
while the "delicate fusion weak, with refunds complex debt power vacuum, have time melting much enlarged, and time of issue much broader, 10^-6 in the century to arrive at the most 10^-10sec, and release excess energy with waterfalls or sum of photons, many photons, in millions, with a 'broad spectrum of emission.
We may also get help from the remarkable behaviour "deep pairs W, and possible interactions with real quarks, to treat a simplified model of protons and neutrons, which would allow a simplified analysis of the electroweak force and strong nuclear,
14-CONCLUSIONS
With the introduction of probability equations frequency of capture and decay, we can treat statistically the decays beta? is a simplified
Furthermore, we can bring everything to a single parameter, the distance or amount of space illuminated by the behaviour of electrons and neutrons. with production of pairs of W, and interactions with magnetic fields in the form of photons of many waterfalls.
So even the possibility of techniques that can artificially affect the "normal natural characteristics of these decays.
What seems easier in the case of oscillation of electrons, neutrons compared to the core constituents, but points out that unified the two types of decay could open many paths to new types of technologies.
We may also get help from the remarkable behaviour "deep copies of W, and possible interactions with real quarks, to treat a simplified model of protons and neutrons, which would allow a simplified analysis of force electroweak and strong nuclear
The behaviour of artificial decay may explain the reactions of the merger "weak and release of energy that we observe in the so-called cold fusion.
We could open a new nuclear chemistry with a wealth of possibilities and transmutations of the merger, not a high energy, which could indeed old alchemical dream.
Moreover, some behaviours may also open up interesting prospects for uses of energy production.
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The full citation for this Article is:
Gazzoni, G. (2009). Empirical analysis of EQUATIONS-of electroweak REACTION ON WEAK DECAY; electroweak MERGERS AND FISSION OF NUCLEI. PHILICA.COM Article number 160. |
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